{"id":4913,"date":"2021-04-20T13:52:13","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T11:52:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iefc.net\/?p=4913"},"modified":"2023-08-25T11:36:34","modified_gmt":"2023-08-25T09:36:34","slug":"maximizing-forest-yield-and-minimizing-climatic-risk-factors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/pt\/maximizing-forest-yield-and-minimizing-climatic-risk-factors\/","title":{"rendered":"Maximiza\u00e7\u00e3o do rendimento florestal e minimiza\u00e7\u00e3o dos fatores de risco clim\u00e1tico"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Norway-Spruce-1018x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4919\" width=\"575\" height=\"578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Norway-Spruce-1018x1024.jpg 1018w, https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Norway-Spruce-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Norway-Spruce-298x300.jpg 298w, https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Norway-Spruce-768x772.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Norway-Spruce-600x603.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Para desenvolver um plano de gest\u00e3o florestal s\u00f3lido para o futuro, \u00e9\nnecess\u00e1rio compreender as intera\u00e7\u00f5es entre o crescimento das \u00e1rvores, os\nfatores de risco de danos locais e as mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas. Assim, para ajudar\nos gestores florestais a equilibrar as compensa\u00e7\u00f5es entre a maximiza\u00e7\u00e3o do\nrendimento florestal e a minimiza\u00e7\u00e3o dos riscos de danos causados pelo vento e\npela neve, o projeto MARCSMAN ou &#8220;Maximizing Resilience and Carbon\nSequestration in Managed Norway spruce forests&#8221;, liderado pelo NIBIO\n(Norsk Institutt for Bio\u00f8konomi) ou &nbsp;Instituto Noruegu\u00eas de Bioeconomia, foi\nlan\u00e7ado no in\u00edcio de 2020 e dever\u00e1 decorrer at\u00e9 ao final de 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A gest\u00e3o sustent\u00e1vel das florestas desempenha um papel fundamental nas\nestrat\u00e9gias de mitiga\u00e7\u00e3o das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas. Isto deve-se ao\npotencial de sequestro de carbono das florestas e ao seu fornecimento em\nmat\u00e9rias-primas que podem substituir materiais com pegadas de carbono mais\nelevadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Em alguns pa\u00edses, como na Noruega, prev\u00ea-se que a temperatura m\u00e9dia aumente mais do que a m\u00e9dia mundial, pelo que as condi\u00e7\u00f5es para o crescimento das florestas dever\u00e3o mudar consideravelmente no final do s\u00e9culo XXI (Tveito 2014). Embora estas mudan\u00e7as possam ser ben\u00e9ficas para o crescimento do abeto da Noruega na maior parte do pa\u00eds, as altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas podem tamb\u00e9m tornar as florestas mais propensas a danos bi\u00f3ticos e abi\u00f3ticos. Uma temperatura favor\u00e1vel pode aumentar a produtividade e fazer com que as \u00e1rvores atinjam alturas cr\u00edticas mais cedo, tornando-se assim mais vulner\u00e1veis aos danos causados pelo vento. Com um clima quente, menos geadas no solo e mais solos h\u00famidos durante o inverno &nbsp;as \u00e1rvores podem tornar-se mais suscet\u00edveis ao desenraizamento (Kamimura et al. 2021). Al\u00e9m disso, espera-se que uma frequ\u00eancia crescente de fortes precipita\u00e7\u00f5es durante invernos mais amenos aumente a carga de neve nas \u00e1rvores em algumas regi\u00f5es (Tveito 2014). Assim, o risco de ventos fortes e de quebra pela neve, pode potencialmente compensar o ganho de produtividade resultante das condi\u00e7\u00f5es favor\u00e1veis ao crescimento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na Europa, calcula-se que vento tenha causado cerca de 50% de todos os\ndanos florestais durante um per\u00edodo de 50 anos (Schelhaas et al. 2003). Quanto\n\u00e0 tempestade de Gudrun no sul da Su\u00e9cia em 2005, as perdas econ\u00f3micas diretas e\nindiretas foram estimadas muito acima dos 2 mil milh\u00f5es de euros (Gardiner et\nal. 2010). Assim sendo, mesmo uma ligeira redu\u00e7\u00e3o da gravidade dos danos\ncausados pelo vento ou pela neve nos povoamentos de abetos conduzir\u00e1 a\nbenef\u00edcios econ\u00f3micos consider\u00e1veis para o sector florestal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A probabilidade de tais danos depende do clima local, das condi\u00e7\u00f5es locais\ne da topografia, bem como das propriedades das \u00e1rvores que s\u00e3o largamente\ndeterminadas pela densidade, tais como o seu cone, tamanho das copas e tamanho e\narquitetura das ra\u00edzes. Assim, para maximizar o potencial biol\u00f3gico de uma\nfloresta para capturar tanto carbono quanto poss\u00edvel e, ao mesmo tempo, manter\ne\/ou aumentar a resili\u00eancia dos povoamentos florestais, \u00e9 crucial uma gest\u00e3o\nadequada da densidade, adaptada \u00e0s condi\u00e7\u00f5es topogr\u00e1ficas locais e aos fatores\nde risco clim\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/project-marcsman\/\">MARCSMAN<\/a> visa facilitar uma estimativa mais precisa da produtividade real, o equil\u00edbrio com a resili\u00eancia, bem como o potencial de sequestro de carbono das florestas norueguesas num clima em mudan\u00e7a. O projeto pretende tamb\u00e9m fornecer aos gestores\/propriet\u00e1rios florestais e outros intervenientes florestais ferramentas para reduzir o risco de perdas catastr\u00f3ficas devido a fen\u00f3menos meteorol\u00f3gicos extremos. Para atingir estes objetivos, os parceiros deste projeto aplicar\u00e3o uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o de abordagens tanto tradicionais como inovadoras, que v\u00e3o desde a modela\u00e7\u00e3o emp\u00edrica, baseada em extensos conjuntos de dados de ensaios de campo a longo prazo e invent\u00e1rios de povoamento, at\u00e9 \u00e0 utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de an\u00e1lises avan\u00e7adas de dados derivados de plataformas de dete\u00e7\u00e3o remota e novas ferramentas de aprendizagem autom\u00e1ticas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Os resultados do projeto servir\u00e3o assim de base de conhecimento e de\nrefer\u00eancia para uma futura expans\u00e3o, e promover\u00e3o discuss\u00f5es entre as partes\ninteressadas sobre como gerir as florestas de forma otimizada para o sequestro\nde carbono e a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de valor, reduzindo ao mesmo tempo o impacto negativo\ndas altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>por: Hubert Cosico (IEFC)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A gest\u00e3o sustent\u00e1vel das florestas desempenha um papel fundamental nas estrat\u00e9gias de mitiga\u00e7\u00e3o das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas. Isto deve-se ao potencial de sequestro de carbono das florestas e ao seu fornecimento em mat\u00e9rias-primas que podem substituir materiais com pegadas de carbono mais elevadas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":4919,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":4,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[231,232,243,233,230],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change","category-adaptation","category-ecosystem-services","category-mitigation","category-risk-management"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"pt","enabled_languages":["gb","fr","es","pt"],"languages":{"gb":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true}}},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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