{"id":5206,"date":"2021-09-21T13:04:29","date_gmt":"2021-09-21T11:04:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iefc.net\/?p=5206"},"modified":"2023-08-25T11:36:32","modified_gmt":"2023-08-25T09:36:32","slug":"valuing-ecosystem-services-provided-by-complex-forests-in-spain-france-and-portugal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.plantedforests.org\/fr\/valuing-ecosystem-services-provided-by-complex-forests-in-spain-france-and-portugal\/","title":{"rendered":"Evaluation \u00e9conomique des services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques fournis par des for\u00eats complexes en Espagne, en France et au Portugal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Les for\u00eats complexes sont celles dans lesquelles coexistent plusieurs\nesp\u00e8ces diff\u00e9rentes ou dans lesquelles une seule pr\u00e9domine dont les sp\u00e9cimens\nsont \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents moments de leur d\u00e9veloppement et il y a un renouvellement\nconstant de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce. Ce sont des for\u00eats particuli\u00e8rement performantes face \u00e0\ndes menaces telles que le changement climatique ou le d\u00e9clin de la biodiversit\u00e9\nqui sont \u00e9galement capables de fournir des services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques nombreux et\nde bonne qualit\u00e9.   L\u2019objectif du projet europ\u00e9en COMFOR-SUDOE\n(COMplex FORests)  men\u00e9 par le Mus\u00e9e national des sciences naturelles (MNCN-CSIC) est de promouvoir  ces massifs forestiers en tant qu\u2019alternatives\nr\u00e9silientes et  adaptatives  aux menaces  telles\nque le r\u00e9chauffement climatique et le d\u00e9clin de la biodiversit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jusqu\u2019en\n2023, le  consortium\ninternational participant au projet travaillera dans le sud-ouest de l\u2019Europe \u2013\nEspagne, Portugal  et France \u2013 pour promouvoir les for\u00eats qui garantissent\nl\u2019approvisionnement de biens et de services \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 rurale et urbaine, ainsi que la protection\nde leur richesse. Cette strat\u00e9gie, financ\u00e9e par le programme Interreg Sudoe de\nl\u2019UE, contribuera \u00e0 promouvoir les services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques et la protection de\nla biodiversit\u00e9, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 assurer une gestion durable de la for\u00eat.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00abMalgr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9norme valeur des biens et des services fournis par les for\u00eats complexes et les plantations mixtes de la r\u00e9gion et le fait qu\u2019\u00e0 de nombreuses reprises, les avantages d\u2019autres \u00a0syst\u00e8mes forestiers plus simples tels que les zones monosp\u00e9cifiques et r\u00e9guli\u00e8res \u00a0augmentent et s\u2019am\u00e9liorent, nous ne connaissons toujours pas les aspects de leur dynamique qui \u00a0doivent \u00eatre\u00a0 \u00e9tudi\u00e9s \u00bb, <\/p> contextualise le chercheur du MNCN et coordinateur du projet, Andr\u00e9s Bravo-Oviedo. <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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\u00ab Par exemple, il est n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019approfondir leur r\u00e9elle capacit\u00e9 d\u2019att\u00e9nuation et la gestion des risques, comme la pr\u00e9vention des incendies, et comment ceux-ci peuvent affecter la stabilit\u00e9 socio-\u00e9cologique de ces\u00a0 syst\u00e8mes \u00bb, poursuit-il.\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quelle est la valeur d\u2019une for\u00eat?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans ce contexte, Ecoacsa Biodiversity Reserve,\nl\u2019un des partenaires du consortium, a pr\u00e9par\u00e9 un rapport qui propose un recueil\npratique de m\u00e9thodes pour \u00e9valuer les\nprincipaux avantages des for\u00eats complexes pour les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s rurales et  urbaines des pays du sud-ouest de l\u2019Europe. Cette\ncompilation s\u2019accompagne une liste  de  68\nservices \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques fournis par  ces  for\u00eats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour compl\u00e9ter ce travail de synth\u00e8se, un outil a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour soutenir le travail des d\u00e9cideurs politiques et d\u2019autres acteurs impliqu\u00e9s dans la gestion des terres: un arbre de d\u00e9cision qui guidera l\u2019\u00e9quipe dans le \u00a0choix de la m\u00e9thode pour \u00e9valuer \u00e9conomiquement les avantages des services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques fournis par les for\u00eats complexes.\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Il s\u2019agit \u00a0d\u2019un outil d\u2019information essentiel pour prendre des d\u00e9cisions meilleures et plus \u00e9clair\u00e9es visant \u00e0 promouvoir une gestion durable de la for\u00eat. La grande valeur des multiples b\u00e9n\u00e9fices qu\u2019apportent les for\u00eats est souvent invisible du point de vue \u00e9conomique pour les gestionnaires du territoire. Par cons\u00e9quent, il est essentiel qu\u2019ils disposent d\u2019outils accessibles et scientifiques qui leur permettent de valoriser le r\u00f4le pertinent que jouent les for\u00eats dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie \u00a0locale \u00a0et le d\u00e9veloppement social \u00bb, <\/p> explique David \u00c1lvarez, directeur ex\u00e9cutif d\u2019Ecoacsa. <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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Les deux documents en libre acc\u00e8s sont le r\u00e9sultat d\u2019une consultation d\u2019experts et\nd\u2019une vaste revue bibliographique  de 84 articles\nscientifiques r\u00e9alis\u00e9s en Espagne, en France et au Portugal sur les actifs\nnaturels (ressources de la nature qui fournissent des biens ou des services\npendant un certain temps, tels que la biomasse ou l\u2019eau) et les services\n\u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques forestiers (s\u00e9questration du dioxyde de carbone, contr\u00f4le de\nl\u2019\u00e9rosion, maintien de la biodiversit\u00e9, approvisionnement en champignons et en baies,\nr\u00e9gulation de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019eau et du climat). En outre, d\u2019autres exp\u00e9riences\nd\u00e9velopp\u00e9es en Allemagne, au Danemark, en \u00c9cosse, aux \u00c9tats-Unis, en Finlande,\nen Angleterre, en Iran, en Irlande, en Italie, aux Pays-Bas, en Norv\u00e8ge, au\nP\u00e9rou, en Pologne et en Suisse ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 prises en compte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les r\u00e9sultats montrent que, sur les 68 avantages\nou services fournis par les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers complexes \u00e9valu\u00e9s dans la\nr\u00e9gion, 29 sont des prestations, 16 sont culturels et 23 sont des programmes de\nr\u00e9glementation et d\u2019entretien. En fonction de son ad\u00e9quation \u00e0 chaque type de\nservice \u00e9cosyst\u00e9mique et de la disponibilit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es, chaque service\ndispose d\u2019une m\u00e9thode plus appropri\u00e9e pour calculer sa valeur \u00e9conomique, y\ncompris ceux qui estiment la demande \u2013 par exemple, les prix du march\u00e9, la\nvaleur contingente ou l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de choix \u2013 et ceux qui n\u2019estiment pas la\ndemande \u2013 par exemple, le co\u00fbt de remplacement, le co\u00fbt d\u2019opportunit\u00e9 ou les\nco\u00fbts \u00e9vit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0 PROPOS DU PROJET<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le projet COMFOR\nSUDOE<\/strong><\/a>  (SOE4\/PA\/E1012) est\nfinanc\u00e9 par le Fonds europ\u00e9en de d\u00e9veloppement r\u00e9gional (EDRF) dans le cadre\n du  programme Interreg Sudoe.\nPour plus d\u2019informations, visitez www.comfor-sudoe.eu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les partenaires du projet\nsont Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC),\nAgresta Sociedad Cooperativa, Centro Tecnol\u00f3gico Agrario y Alimentario\n(Itagra), Ecoacsa Reserva de Biodiversidad, Institut Europ\u00e9en  de la For\u00eat Cultiv\u00e9e (IEFC),  Institut\nNational de la Recherche Agronomique  (INRA),  ISA-DRAT  (Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universit\u00e9\nde Lisbonne), Museo Nacional de Ciencias\nNaturales (MNCN), Universidad de Oviedo et Universidad de Valladolid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Liens vers les<\/strong>  documents<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Informe para gestores y responsables de pol\u00edticas sobre m\u00e9todos de valoraci\u00f3n monetaria y no monetaria de servicios ambientales de los bosques del Sudoe <\/em>http:\/\/www.comfor-sudoe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/COMFOR-deliverable-2.2.1_v1.0-3.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c1rbol de decisi\u00f3n de metodolog\u00edas apropiadas para la valoraci\u00f3n de servicios ambientales en bosques complejos del Sudoe <\/em>http:\/\/www.comfor-sudoe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/COMFOR-deliverable-2.2.2_v1.0-1.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Pour plus d\u2019informations, visitez www.comfor-sudoe.eu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paz Ferrer \u2013 Communications \u00e0 Ecoacsa
mpferrer@ecoacsa.com<\/a> T\u00e9l. 911 252 203<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hubert Cosico \u2013 Communications \u00e0 COMFOR SUDOE
h.cosico@iefc.net<\/a> T\u00e9l. +33535385391<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xiomara Cantera \u2013 Relations de presse au MNCN-CSIC
xcantera@mncn.csic.es<\/a> T\u00e9l.914 111 328<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Image par : Javier Lob\u00f3n Rovira<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u2022\tThe objective is to leverage complex forests as a climate-smart strategy to mitigate climate change and promote biodiversity.
\n\u2022\tProvide a classification of the benefits provided by complex forests as well as a decision tree tool to guide local development stakeholders and policy-makers regarding appropriate valuation methods.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":5207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":4,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[245,243,247,246],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biodiversity","category-ecosystem-services","category-restoration","category-soil-protection"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"fr","enabled_languages":["gb","fr","es","pt"],"languages":{"gb":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEvaluation \u00e9conomique des services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques fournis par des for\u00eats complexes en Espagne, en France et au Portugal - 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